1. Consonant stems
170) a) With one final consonant : sak- "to know" (sek-, §11) ; ak- (ek-) "to die", ar- "to arrive", wak- "to bite", asas- "to place".
Indicative Present
Singular |
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| 1. | saggahhi (sākhi) | arhi | |
| 2. | sakti (sekti) | akti | arti |
| 3. | sakki | aki | ari |
Plural |
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| 1. | sekkueni | akkueni | erweni |
| 2. | sekteni | akteni | erteni (arteni) |
| 3. | sekkanzi | akkanzi | aranzi |
Singular |
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| 1. | asashi (asashe, §10) | |
| 2. | asasti | |
| 3. | waki | asāsi |
Plural |
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| 3. | asesanzi (asisanzi, §10) | |
Indicative Preterite
Singular |
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| 1. | saggahhun | arhun (a-ar-ah-hu-un, §23a) | |
| 2. | sakta | ||
| 3. | sakkis (sakta, sekta) | ak(k)is (akta) | a-ar-aš |
Plural |
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| 1. | sekkuen | erwen | |
| 3. | sekkir | ekir (akir) | erir |
Singular |
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| 1. | asashun | |
| 3. | wakkis (waqas, wākit) | asasta (asesta) |
Plural |
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| 1. | wakuen | |
| 3. | asesir (aseser) | |
Imperative
Singular |
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| 1. | seggallu | aggallu | |
| 2. | sāk | ak | |
| 3. | sakdu | aku (akdu) | aru |
Plural |
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| 2. | sekten (sikten) | arten | |
| 3. | akkandu | ||
| Verbal subst. | asesuwar | |||
| Inf. I | arawanzi | asesuwanzi | ||
| Inf. II | waganna | |||
| Part. | sekkant- | akkant- | arant- | asesant- |
171) b) With two final consonants : pahs- "to protect", taks- "to gather", sipand- "to bestow a libation".
Indicative Present
Singular |
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| 1. | pahhashi (pahhasmi) | taggashi | sipandahhi |
| 2. | pahhasti | takkissi | |
| 3. | takkeszi (taggassi, takkizzi) | sipandi (sippantai, §152a1) | |
Plural |
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| 1. | pahsueni | sipanduwani | |
| 2. | pahhasteni | takkesteni (taggasteni) | |
| 3. | pahsanzi | takkessanzi | sipandanzi (sippantinzi) |
Indicative Preterite
Singular |
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| 1. | sipandahhun | ||
| 3. | pahhasta | takkista (taggasta) | sippandas |
Plural |
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| 3. | pahsir | takser | sippanter (sippantair) |
Imperative
| Singular | Plural | |
| 2. | pahsi | pahhasten |
| 3. | pahsandu |
| Verbal subst. | sippanduar | ||
| Inf. I | taksuwanzi | sip(p)anduwanzi | |
| Part. | pahsant- | taksant- | sipantant- |
2. Vocalic stems
172) a) dā- "to take".
Indicative Present
| Singular | Plural | |
| 1. | dahhi | dāweni (dawani, dummeni) |
| 2. | datti | datteni (tatteni) |
| 3. | dāi | danzi |
Indicative Preterite
| Singular | Plural | |
| 1. | dahhun | dāwen |
| 2. | dās | datten |
| 3. | dās | dāir |
| Imperative | Verbal subst. | Gen. dāwas | ||
| Sing. | Plur. | Inf. I | dā | |
| 2. | dā | datten | Inf. II | danna |
| 3. | dāu (daddu) | dandu | Part. | dant- |
173) b) dāi- "to place", pāi- "to give", nāi- "to guide", zāi- "to exceed", halzāi- "to call".
Indicative Present
Singular |
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| 1. | tehhi | pihhi | nehhi |
| 2. | dāitti (tāitti) | paisti (pesti) | nāitti (neyat(t)i) |
| 3. | dāi | pāi | nāi |
Plural |
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| 1. | tiyaweni | piyaweni (piweni) | neyaweni |
| 2. | tāitteni (tāisteni) | pesteni (pisteni) | nāisteni (naistani) |
| 3. | tiyanzi (tienzi) | piyanzi | neyanzi |
Singular |
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| 1. | halzihhi (halziyami) | |
| 2. | zāitti (zāsi) | halzāitti (halzesti, halziyatti, halziyasi) |
| 3. | zāi | halzāi |
Plural |
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| 1. | halziyaweni (halziwani) | |
| 2. | halziyatteni | |
| 3. | halziyanzi | |
Indicative Preterite
Singular |
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| 1. | tehhun (tēhun) | pehhun (pihhun) | nehhun (neyahhun) |
| 2. | pāitta | ||
| 3. | dāis (dāista) | pāis (pesta) | nāis (naista, naesta) |
Plural |
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| 1. | tiyawen (daiwen) | piyawen (piwen) | neyawen |
| 3. | daier (tiir; dāir) | piēr | nāir (nēier) |
Singular |
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| 1. | zihhun | halzihhun |
| 2. | halzāit | |
| 3. | zāis | halzāis |
Plural |
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| 1. | zāiwen | halziyawen (halziwen) |
| 3. | halzier | |
Imperative
Singular |
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| 2. | dāi | pāi | nāi (neya) | halzāi | |
| 3. | dāu | pāu | nāu | ||
Plural |
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| 2. | dāisten | pesten | nāisten (neyatten) | zāitten | halzisten |
| 3. | tiyandu | piandu | |||
| Verbal subst. | tiyawar | piyawar | neyawar | Gen. halziyawas |
| Inf. I | tiyawanzi | piyawanzi | halziyawanzi | |
| Inf. II | tiyanna | piyanna | ||
| Part. | tiyant- | piyant- | neyant- | halziyant- |
174) c) With -u(m)- for the 1st Pers. Pl., for Verbal subst. and for Infinitive : tarna- "to let", sarra- "to separate", wasta- "to sin", uda- "to bring", pēda- "to transfer".
Indicative Present
Singular |
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| 1. | tarnahhi | wastahhi | |
| 2. | tarnatti (tarnāsi) | sarratti | wastatti (wastasi) |
| 3. | tarnāi (tarnāizzi) | sarrai (sarri, sarriyazi, sarrezzi) | wastai (wasti) |
Plural |
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| 1. | tarnummeni (tarnummani) | sarraweni | |
| 2. | tarnatteni | sarratteni | |
| 3. | tarnanzi | sarranzi | |
Singular |
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| 1. | udahhi | pedahhi (pitahhi) |
| 2. | udatti | pedatti |
| 3. | udāi | pedai |
Plural |
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| 1. | utummeni | pedum(m)eni |
| 2. | udatteni | pedatteni |
| 3. | udanzi (utinzi) | pedanzi (pitenzi) |
Indicative Preterite
Singular |
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| 1. | tarnahhun | sarrahhun | wastahhun |
| 2. | tarnas | wastas | |
| 3. | tarnas (tarnesta) | sarras (sarrēt) | wastas |
Plural |
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| 1. | tarnum(m)en (tarnuen) | sarrummen | |
| 2. | tarnatten | ||
| 3. | tarnir | sarrēr | waster |
Singular |
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| 1. | udahhun | pedahhun (pidahhun) |
| 3. | udas | pedas |
Plural |
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| 1. | utummen | petummen |
| 3. | uter (utir) | peter (piter) |
Imperative
Singular |
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| 2. | tarna (tarni) | sarri | uda | peda |
| 3. | tarnāu (tarnesdu) | udāu | pedau | |
Plural |
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| 2. | tarnatten (tarnisten) | udatten | pedatten (pidesten) | |
| 3. | tarnandu | udandu | pedandu | |
| Verbal subst. | tarnummar | sarrumar | wasdumar | utummar | petummar |
| Inf. I | tarnummanzi | sarrumanzi | utummanzi | pedummanzi | |
| Part. | tarnant- | sarrant- | wastant- | udant- |
175) d) With the 3rd Pers. Pl. Present built on the model of the verbs in -ya : essa- "to act" (iterative of iya- "to do", §141d), mema- "to speak", unna- "to push", penna- "to pull", uppa- "to send".
Indicative Present
Singular |
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| 1. | essahhi (issahhi) | memahhi (memahhe) | unnahhi |
| 2. | essatti | mematti | unnatti |
| 3. | essai | memai (memmai) | unnai |
Plural |
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| 1. | essueni | memaweni (memiyaweni) | |
| 2. | essatteni | mematteni | unnatteni (unnisteni) |
| 3. | essanzi | memanzi (memiyanzi) | unnanzi (un(n)iyanzi) |
Singular |
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| 1. | pennahhi | uppahhi |
| 2. | pennatti | |
| 3. | pennai | uppai |
Plural |
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| 1. | uppiweni | |
| 2. | uppatteni | |
| 3. | pennanzi (penniyanzi) | uppanzi (uppianzi) |
Indicative Preterite
Singular |
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| 1. | essahhun | memahhun | unahhun |
| 2. | unnes | ||
| 3. | es(s)esta | memista (me(m)mas) | unnes (unnesta) |
Plural |
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| 1. | essuen | unnummen | |
| 2. | memisten | ||
| 3. | esser (isser) | memir | |
Singular |
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| 1. | pennahhun | uppahhun |
| 2. | uppesta | |
| 3. | pennis (pennesta) | uppesta (uppas) |
Plural |
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| 1. | uppiwen | |
| 3. | pennir | uppir |
Imperative
Singular |
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| 1. | memallu | ||||
| 2. | essa (essi, issa) | memi | unni | penni | uppi |
| 3. | essau | memau (me-ma-at-tu4) | unnau | uppāu | |
Plural |
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| 2. | issatten | memisten | |||
| 3. | essandu (issandu) | memandu | |||
| Verbal subst. | essuwar | |||
| Inf. I | memiyawanzi (memiuwanzi) | pennumanzi (pennuanzi, penniyawanzi) | ||
| Supine | essuwan | |||
| Part. | memant- | uppant- |
3. Irregular
176) au- (aus-) "to see".
| Indicative Present | Indicative Preterite | |||
| Sing. | Plur. | Sing. | Plur. | |
| 1. | uhhi | aummeni (umeni) | uhhun | aumen |
| 2. | autti | autteni (austeni, usteni) | austa | |
| 3. | auszi | uwanzi | austa | auer |
Imperative |
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| Sing. | Plur. | Inf. II | |
| 1. | uwallu | uwanna | |
| 2. | au | austen | |
| 3. | ausdu | uwandu | |
III. Blend of mi- and hi-conjugations
177) The previous paradigms already exhibited many variants of the Hittite verb, with particular forms that not only diverged from the regular model, but also from the regular conjugation. There is not enough room here to treat all the variations between the mi- and hi-conjugations. The following verbs exhibit forms of both conjugations (partly because of a change in the formation of the root) so variable that it is impossible to affect them to a precise conjugation.
178) dala- and daliya- "to let", ishāi- and ishiya- "to link", sāi- and siyai- "to open" (probably ancient like dāi- "to place"), sunna- and sun(n)iya- "to fill", parsāi- and parsiya- (parsi-) "to break".
Indicative Present
Singular |
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| 1. | dalahhi (daliyami) | ||
| 2. | dalatti (daliyasi) | ||
| 3. | dālāi (dalāizzi, daliyazi) | ishāi (ishiyazzi, ishēzzi) | siyaizzi (siezzi) |
Plural |
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| 1. | daliyaweni | siyaweni | |
| 2. | dalesteni | ishiyatteni | |
| 3. | daliyanzi | ishiyanzi | siyanzi |
Singular |
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| 1. | sunnahhi (suniyami) | parsiyahhi (parsiyami) |
| 3. | sunnai (sun(n)iyazi, sunizzi) | parsāizzi (parsiyazi, parsiya [§152c], pár-aš-ši-ia, pa-ar-ši) |
Plural |
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| 2. | sunnatteni | |
| 3. | sunnanzi (sun(n)iyanzi) | parsiyanzi (parsānzi) |
Indicative Preterite
Singular |
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| 1. | dalahhun (daliyanun) | ishih(h)un (ishiyanun) | siyanun |
| 3. | dālis (dalesta, daliyat) | ishiyat | siyait |
Plural |
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| 1. | daliyawen | ||
| 2. | daliyatten | ||
| 3. | dālir | ishiēr | siyāir |
Singular |
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| 3. | sunnas (sunnista, sunet) | parsiyat |
Plural |
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| 3. | sunnir | |
Imperative
Singular |
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| 2. | dala (dali) | sāi (siya) | sunni | |
| 3. | tālesdu | sunniddu | ||
Plural |
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| 2. | dalesten | sāisten | sūnisten | |
| 3. | ishiyandu | siyandu | ||
| Verbal subst. | dalumar (taliyawar) | ishiyawar | sunnumar | ||
| Inf. I | siyawanzi | sunnumanzi | parsiyawanzi | ||
| Inf. II | siyanna | ||||
| Part. | daliyant- | ishiyant- | siyant- | sunniyant- | parsiyant- |